VACCINATION FIRST OR IMMUNIZATION ! THINK

You might have heard these 2 terms . Is Vaccination and immunization is same thing (yes /No) .Which one comes first ? 

Vaccination -(Edward Jennar ) He thought if an antigen would  be inserted which is health friendly then our immune system recognize it and produce some of the memory cells which can fight against the infection . Vaccination basically means injection of attenuated Ag (vaccine) that produces the immunity in the body against that particular Ag.

Vaccination gives the response in the form of immunization because the vaccine would stimulate the immune response. Vaccination in the period from 1963 to 2015 prevented nearly 200 million cases of polio, measles, mumps, rubella, varicella , adenovirus, rabies and hepatitis A .

                                                      Image source credit -http://www.desktopclass.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/93941.jpg

Immunization -It is the process of inducing immunity . It is defined as the process by which the body is prepared to fight against specific Ag and prevents the disease .

Immunization happens after vaccination.  So, first comes vaccination . We can say vaccination is one of the ways to acquire immunization. Vaccination results in Immunization or u can say Immunization is acquired by Vaccination.

Types of Immunization: 

1. Active Immunization: It is acquired by activating  the immune system of the body.
a.Natural Active Immunization: is acquired by following an infection or a disease.
b. Artificial Active Immunization: is acquired by injecting a vaccine.

2 .Passive Immunization: Give preformed antibodies . It has a short duration. 

a.Natural Passive Immunization: It is acquired before birth by transfer of (IgG) via placenta( from mother to foetus) and breast milk (After birth).

b. Artificial Passive Immunization: It is acquired by injecting Abs in form of vaccine against a specific Ag.

Conclusion - Vaccination and immunization is not the same thing.

MCQs.

1.The composition of oral polio vaccination given worldwide is 

A) attenuated neuro virulent polio virus
B) heat killed sabin type
C) comination of type 1-3 of heat killed poliovirus strain
D) trivalent preparation of live attenuated polivirus type 1,2 and 3

Ans. D

2.Which of the following cancer can be prevented by vaccination?

a. Oral cancer
b. Cervical cancer
c. Breast cancer
d. Colon cancer

Ans.b

3.For passive vaccination, which antibody type will be most appropriate?

A Polyclonal antibody
B Monoclonal antibody
C Humanized antibody
D Single chain antibody

Ans.B

4. BCG immunisation is for

A.Measles
B.Tuberculosis
C.Diptheria
D.Leprosy

Ans. B 

5.Passive immunization is done for

A.tuberculosis
B.diphtheria
C.enteric fever
D.all of these

Ans.B
6.Measles, Mumps, Rubella-MMR combined vaccine represents which one of following vaccine categories?
(A) Inactivated/killed
(B) Live, attenuated
(C) Subunit
(D) Toxoid (inactivated toxin)

Very important concept already asked in June 2018 CSIR paper.
Ans. B

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