4 TYPES OF SPECIATION EASY TO REMEMBER

Allopatric speciation -

(sympatric- a subset forms a new species )

• Gene flow interrupted by geographic isolation(environmentals events) so called geographic speciation  or population is separated by a physical barrier .
• ex. Galapagous finches, Grand canyon squirrels 

Sympatric speciation - (reproductive or behavioural separation)

• It happens when individuals of a population are not isolated physically but they reproductively and genetically isolated  due to genetic drift ,mutation and selection which leads to new species.
•  ex.Different polyploidy in plants(wheat grains) ,sexual selection in animals(genetic           polymorphism)          

Peripatric speciation (A subform of allopatric speciation in which new species are formed in isolated smaller peripheral populations that are prevented from mating with the main population.  ) 

 Parapetric speciation - individuals of each population may come in contact but due to partial geographic isolation   )- New niche entered.
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